Which montage type in EEG is related to average reference?

The average reference montage is a method in electroencephalography that involves referencing each electrode to the average of all electrode inputs, thereby allowing the potential seen at each site to represent its activity relative to the overall brain activity rather than a single reference point. A Laplacian montage is derived from this concept, employing spatial averaging to enhance the signals from particular brain structures while reducing interference from other sources, promoting clarity in localized brain activity observation.

This approach effectively reduces the distortion caused by common reference systems that may not reflect the true activity of the brain. By using the average of all recorded channels as a reference point, the Laplacian montage provides a more accurate depiction of local brain activity, allowing for better analysis of abnormalities or localized brain functions in the EEG signal.